SpEL Injection Scanner
Identifies Spring Expression Language injection vulnerabilities.
What is SpEL Injection?
Spring Expression Language (SpEL) Injection occurs when untrusted user input is evaluated as SpEL expressions in Spring Framework applications. SpEL is powerful, allowing method invocation, object instantiation, and access to Spring beans. Exploitation typically leads to remote code execution.
Why is This Important?
Spring Framework is the most popular Java web framework, powering millions of applications. SpEL Injection can compromise any Spring application, access all beans in the application context, and execute arbitrary code. The Spring4Shell vulnerability (CVE-2022-22965) highlighted how widespread Spring vulnerabilities can be.
How It Works
1. Input Discovery
Maps all user input points including forms, headers, cookies, and API parameters for injection testing.
2. Injection Testing
Executes sophisticated injection payloads designed to bypass filters and WAFs while detecting vulnerabilities.
3. Exploitation Validation
Confirms vulnerabilities through safe exploitation, providing proof-of-concept and impact assessment.
Key Capabilities
Advanced injection detection engine combining signature-based and AI-powered analysis for comprehensive coverage.
- Multi-vector injection testing across all input types
- WAF and filter bypass techniques built-in
- Database-specific payload optimization
- Out-of-band detection for blind vulnerabilities
- Automated proof-of-concept generation
Frequently Asked Questions
Where does SpEL Injection commonly occur?
Common locations include: @Value annotations with user input, Spring Security expressions, Spring Data queries, message expressions, and any custom code that evaluates SpEL. The SpelExpressionParser with user input is a red flag.
How does SpEL achieve code execution?
SpEL can call Runtime.getRuntime().exec(), instantiate ProcessBuilder, access the application context to call any bean method, and use reflection to bypass restrictions. Payloads like T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec('cmd') are common.
Does Spring have SpEL security features?
Spring offers SimpleEvaluationContext as a restricted alternative to StandardEvaluationContext. However, developers must explicitly use it. Many vulnerabilities occur because StandardEvaluationContext (full access) is used with user input.
How do I prevent SpEL Injection?
Never evaluate user input as SpEL, use SimpleEvaluationContext when SpEL evaluation is necessary, audit @Value annotations and security expressions, validate inputs before any expression evaluation, keep Spring Framework updated, and review custom SpEL usage.
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